Obesity and Jaw Bone: Marrow Adiposity, Bone Remodelling and Surgical Risk was presented as part of the PERI-EDU research programme during the 9th Congress of the Polish Dental Association at Ptak Warsaw Expo.
Research question
Study design
This narrative review integrated evidence on obesity, marrow adiposity, bone remodelling, implant outcomes, oral surgery and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.
Main findings
- Chronic low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and adipokine imbalance may increase osteoclast activity while impairing osteoblast function.
- Increased marrow adiposity may reduce haematopoiesis and osteogenesis and contribute to a hypoxic, less regenerative bone microenvironment.
- Potential clinical consequences include poorer bone quality, delayed postoperative healing, marginal bone loss and peri-implant complications.
- Risk is modified by diabetes, smoking, vitamin D status, medications and other comorbidities; obesity alone should not determine treatment eligibility.
Interpretation
Obesity is not an automatic contraindication to implant or oral surgical treatment. It supports broader risk assessment, metabolic optimization, atraumatic surgery, individualized healing time and interdisciplinary care when systemic risk is high.
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Funding: This work was co-funded by the European Union under grant agreement No. 2024-1-PL01-KA220-HED-000251208.
Disclaimer: Co-funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are, however, those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the Foundation for the Development of the Education System (FRSE). Neither the European Union nor FRSE can be held responsible for them.